Homicide is one of the most severe offenses a person can commit, carrying significant moral and legal weight. Homicide laws in Maryland are complex and designed to address such acts’ varied circumstances and severity.
This article will discuss the specifics of Maryland’s homicide laws, exploring the different degrees of homicide and the consequences for those found guilty of these serious crimes. By understanding these laws, individuals can better appreciate the legal boundaries and the severe implications of breaking them.
Degrees of Homicide in Maryland
Homicides in Maryland are categorized based on intent, circumstances, and how the act was committed. These classifications help determine the severity of the charges and their corresponding penalties.
First-Degree Murder
First-degree murder is the most severe form of homicide in Maryland (MD Criminal Law Code § 2-201). It is premeditated and deliberate. To be charged with this crime, the prosecution must prove the accused planned the killing and carried it out with intent.
Maryland law includes specific circumstances that automatically categorize a homicide as first-degree murder, such as:
- Killing while committing a violent felony (rape, robbery, arson, etc.)
- Killing a law enforcement officer, correctional officer, or firefighter
- Contract killings (murder-for-hire)
Penalties
If found guilty of first-degree murder, the guilty person faces a felony conviction. The penalties include life in prison or life in prison without parole.
Second Degree Murder
Second-degree murder includes all murder that doesn’t satisfy the requirements to be considered first-degree murder. It is a lesser charge compared to first-degree murder but still carries significant penalties.
Penalties
A second-degree murder charge is a felony. The guilty party will face up to forty years in prison if convicted. (MD Criminal Law Code § 2-204)
Attempted Murder
Attempted murder carries significant penalties, even though no one died. There are two possible charges you can face if you’ve been charged with attempted murder in Maryland: first-degree (meaning it was premeditated) or second-degree attempted murder.
Penalties
A first-degree attempted murder charge carries a penalty of up to life in prison. If you’re convicted of a second-degree attempted murder charge, you could receive up to thirty years in prison. (MD Criminal Law Code § 2-205; 2-206)
Manslaughter
Manslaughter is a form of homicide but is considered less severe than murder. Manslaughter can be regarded as either voluntary or involuntary.
- Voluntary manslaughter is a murder that takes place in the heat of the moment. These types of homicides are typically triggered by intense emotions or being provoked. It is not premeditated. However, it differs from second-degree murder because of the emotionally charged and immediate nature of the act.
- Involuntary manslaughter occurs when a reckless yet unintentional act leads to the death of a person. It is often the result of negligence, such as drunk driving. (MD Criminal Law Code § 2-209; 2-210)
Penalties
Both forms of manslaughter carry a maximum prison sentence of ten years. (MD Criminal Law Code § 2-207)
Consequences Beyond Prison
While prison time is a penalty for all forms of homicide, there are other consequences an individual may face beyond imprisonment. They can include:
- Criminal Record — If you are convicted of homicide, your conviction will result in a permanent criminal record. Criminal records can affect future employment, housing, professional licenses, and social opportunities.
- Civil Liability — If convicted, an individual may face wrongful death lawsuits from the family of the victim or personal injury claims if the victim survived, both of which can result in substantial financial penalties.
- Emotional and Social Impact — A homicide conviction can carry a stigma that can lead to social isolation and emotional distress for not only the person convicted but their family as well. The trauma and stress associated with a homicide conviction can lead to mental issues such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder).
- Loss of Civil Rights — A homicide conviction can also result in the loss of several civil rights, such as voting, owning firearms, and serving on a jury.
Turn to Widder Law for the Legal Counsel You Deserve When Facing Homicide Charges Under Maryland’s Homicide Laws
Homicide laws in Maryland are designed to address the complexities and varying degrees of unlawful killings. The state’s legal framework ensures that the severity of the crime is matched with appropriate penalties, reflecting the seriousness of taking another person’s life. Understanding these laws and their consequences is essential for anyone facing homicide charges or seeking to understand the legalities of this severe offense.
At Widder Law, we understand that navigating the legal system can be daunting for individuals accused of homicide. The stakes are high and can affect your life and your future. We provide the knowledgeable legal counsel you deserve to ensure justice is served and your rights are protected.
Contact us today for a consultation.
